Extreme Heat Linked to Drop in Male Births: Study
A study has found that high temperatures during pregnancy may reduce the number of male babies born. Researchers analysed data from nearly five million births across India and several countries in sub Saharan Africa. Their findings suggest that heat exposure during pregnancy can influence fetal survival and may even affect family planning patterns.
What the study found
The research, published in a leading scientific journal, examined how rising temperatures affect the sex ratio at birth, which is the number of male births compared to female births.
The results showed a clear pattern. When pregnant women experienced high temperatures during pregnancy, the number of male births declined. However, the timing of heat exposure mattered.
- In sub Saharan Africa, heat exposure during the first trimester showed the strongest link to fewer male births
- In India, the impact appeared later, mainly during the second trimester
This difference suggests that the biological response to heat may vary depending on region, environment, and maternal factors.
Why male fetuses may be more vulnerable
Scientists believe that male fetuses are generally more sensitive to environmental stress. As a result, high temperatures during pregnancy may increase the risk of early fetal loss, especially for males.
In simple terms, extreme heat may place stress on the mother’s body. This can affect the developing fetus, and male fetuses seem less likely to survive these conditions compared to female fetuses.
Who is most affected in India
The study also identified specific groups where the effect was stronger in India:
- Older mothers
- Women who already had multiple children
- Women without a male child, especially in northern regions
These findings highlight how biological and social factors can interact. In areas where there is a cultural preference for sons, environmental stress may indirectly influence birth patterns.
Link with gender related practices
Interestingly, the study also noted a behavioural aspect. In regions where sex selective practices exist, high temperatures during pregnancy may reduce such interventions.
Researchers suggest that extreme heat could limit access to healthcare services or delay decision making. As a result, fewer sex selective abortions may occur during heat waves, temporarily narrowing gender gaps.
Public health concerns in a warming world
This research adds to growing evidence that climate change can affect human health in unexpected ways. It shows that high temperatures during pregnancy are not just uncomfortable but may also influence reproductive outcomes.
Experts warn that rising global temperatures could:
- Increase pregnancy related health risks
- Affect fetal development
- Change population patterns over time
Why this matters
For expecting mothers, especially in hot climates, managing heat exposure is important. Doctors may need to offer more guidance on hydration, rest, and avoiding extreme heat.
At a broader level, policymakers must consider how climate change can impact maternal and child health. Planning for heat waves and improving access to care during extreme weather will be crucial.
Experts warn that rising global temperatures could:
- Increase pregnancy related health risks
- Affect fetal development
- Change population patterns over time
Source:Â Inputs from various media SourcesÂ
I’m a pharmacist with a strong background in health sciences. I hold a BSc from Delhi University and a pharmacy degree from PDM University. I write articles and daily health news while interviewing doctors to bring you the latest insights. In my free time, you’ll find me at the gym or lost in a sci-fi novel.
- Health News and Updates,People Forum
- 2 April 2026
- 22:00
