Reading Time: 8 minutesHydration is the often underestimated cornerstone of our well-being, silently working behind the scenes to keep our bodies functioning at their best.
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Nutrition and Diet, People Forum
Reading Time: 8 minutesThe Harmonious Duel between Music and Pain Perception read about the Gate Control Theory in Pain Physiology and how it plays a crucial role in Pain Perception
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Editorial, Medicine and Diseases
Reading Time: 7 minutesAge Gracefully: Rewriting the Rules of Anti-Ageing | Age Gracefully: Rewriting the Rules of Anti-Ageing The process of ageing starts as soon as an individual is born. One of the most inevitable aspects of life is ageing. It is something everyone has to face. Getting older brings about major life changes that one might not always be prepared for. Such changes include transitions in career, loss of loved ones, and most importantly physical and mental health challenges. However, the way one handles and grows from these challenges is the key to graceful ageing. The risk of contracting ailments increases after a certain age. It’s not unusual to struggle with accepting the fact of ageing. The concerns of life are different at the age of 85 than that of 25. Ageing will inevitably cause several physiological changes. Lifestyle choices for healthy ageing: Healthy ageing can be influenced by many factors such as genetics, eating habits, exercise, etc. However, Managing health, living independently, and maintaining the quality of life are achievable. Diet: Having balanced and nutritious eating habits is crucial for health. Chronic health issues such as stroke, diabetes, cardiac disorders, and obesity can be prevented or help diseases from getting worse. It is essential to include: Vegetables and fruits Protein and healthy fats Cereals, whole-grains Vitamin D-fortified dairy products Nuts It is necessary to avoid processed foods and refined sugars. Cutting solid fats and using oils for cooking has proved to be beneficial. Apart from this, the intake of salt has to be minimal to maintain normal levels of blood pressure. Exercising and having an active lifestyle Several studies reveal the association of a sedentary lifestyle with a greater risk of developing chronic health issues and early death. An active lifestyle involves engaging in things that are important to you and are beneficial for your body, spirit, and mind. It is important to practice yoga, go on a walk, or engage in productive activities that give you joy. Hobbies and other social activities can reduce the chance of several health issues, such as dementia, heart disease, stroke, and some types of cancer. Maintain a healthy sleep cycle Physical and mental health is highly influenced by the quality of sleep. It is essential to get quality sleep for healthy skin. A protein linked to Alzheimer’s disease called beta-amyloid is known to accumulate as a result of insufficient sleep. Low rates of obesity, heart disease, and insulin resistance are results of obtaining enough sleep. Getting quality sleep of about seven to eight hours every night can decrease the risk of obesity, inflammation, depression, and cardiac disorders. Taking care of the skin The largest organ of the body is the skin. They say ‘If you love your skin your skin will love you back’. If you take good care of your skin, it will shield your body from the environment, and regulate body temperature. Healthy skin may promote a youthful look. Hydration is important for skin health. The toxins in the body are flushed out which improves texture, gets rid of wrinkles, and gives a natural plump to the skin. It is crucial to wear sunscreen when going out during the day regardless of the weather. Using gentle and antiaging skincare products may be helpful Also, it is recommended to get annual screenings for skin cancer Regulating / Quitting the use of cigarettes and alcohol Numerous studies reveal the association between smoking and alcohol with premature ageing. Smoking can increase the risk of developing various diseases including cancer. Also, the existing respiratory disorders might get worse due to smoking. In the case of alcohol, it is important to limit intake to maintain health and avoid risks. Regular health checkups Health exams and routine doctor appointments are important for healthy ageing. Routine checkups help people lower their chances of developing issues such as high blood pressure and help doctors detect chronic diseases early. Regular medical visitors also reported a higher quality of life and healthy sentiments. Healthy ageing is all about being happy and practising mindfulness when making diet and lifestyle choices. It is common to get anxious over aging challenges so it is best to get in touch with the family doctor regarding any health Concerns. Indulging in hobbies, and surrounding yourself with positive people and loved ones is a must for mental health and overall well-being. Diet: Having balanced and nutritious eating habits is crucial for health. Chronic health issues such as stroke, diabetes, cardiac disorders, and obesity can be prevented or help diseases from getting worse. It is essential to include: Vegetables and fruits Protein and healthy fats Cereals, whole-grains Vitamin D-fortified dairy products Nuts It is necessary to avoid processed foods and refined sugars. Cutting solid fats and using oils for cooking has proved to be beneficial. Apart from this, the intake of salt has to be minimal to maintain normal levels of blood pressure. Exercising and having an active lifestyle Several studies reveal the association of a sedentary lifestyle with a greater risk of developing chronic health issues and early death. An active lifestyle involves engaging in things that are important to you and are beneficial for your body, spirit, and mind. It is important to practice yoga, go on a walk, or engage in productive activities that give you joy. Hobbies and other social activities can reduce the chance of several health issues, such as dementia, heart disease, stroke, and some types of cancer. Maintain a healthy sleep cycle Physical and mental health is highly influenced by the quality of sleep. It is essential to get quality sleep for healthy skin. A protein linked to Alzheimer’s disease called beta-amyloid is known to accumulate as a result of insufficient sleep. Low rates of obesity, heart disease, and insulin resistance are results of obtaining enough sleep. Getting quality sleep of about seven to eight hours every night can decrease the risk of obesity, inflammation, depression, and cardiac disorders. Taking care of the skin The largest organ of the body is
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Editorial, People Forum
Reading Time: 6 minutesFluoride’s Role in Oral Health: Benefits, Risks, and Dental Fluorosis Fluoride, a natural mineral present in water and foods, holds a pivotal role in oral health, particularly in preventing tooth decay. With varying concentrations in water sources, dentists harness its properties to strengthen enamel and counter cavities. This article delves into fluoride’s advantages, its application in dental care products, potential oral health risks, and an overview of treatments. We also address dental fluorosis, its origins, manifestations, and available remedies. On an average 0.8-1.0 mg/L or 1.2mg/L fluoride is present in water. The maximum concentration of fluoride in water is believed to be 1.5mg/L. In cold and hot regions, it is 2mg/L and 0.8mg/L respectively. Whereas in areas with moderate temperature, fluoride concentration is 1.0-1.2mg/L. Fluoride is used by dentists to strengthen the teeth which reduces the risk of cavities. The enamel of the teeth gains and loses minerals daily. The enamel on the teeth is a complex and protective substance and has a high mineral content. Demineralization occurs when the mineral content on the teeth begins to wear away. This is known to be the first sign of tooth decay and can be caused due to several factors. Remineralization is a process for enriching teeth with minerals to prevent tooth decay, it is now controlled and treated with a more advanced and conservative approach that aims to prevent, reverse, and repair damage to tooth minerals. Tooth decay is caused as a result of excess demineralization without enough remineralization. Dental fluoride helps reverse early decay and prevent it altogether by making the enamel more resistant to acid attacks. Benefits of fluoride in dental products: Imparts resistance to acid influence: Fluoride helps strengthen tooth enamel and makes it more resistant to the acidic environment created by bacteria and sugars in the mouth. Slows Demineralization: Fluoride, especially when combined with calcium, can slow down the process of demineralization Fluoride inhibits the metabolism of microbes and disrupts microbial composition by reducing their ability to produce acids that can lead to tooth decay. Bactericidal Action: High concentrations of fluoride, such as those found in gels used in professional dental treatments, can have a bactericidal (bacteria-killing) effect on harmful microbes. Reduces Dental Deposits: Fluoride can help reduce the buildup of dental deposits like plaque and tartar on the teeth Fluoride decreases the activity of saliva enzymes that convert sugar to acid. Fluoride increases salivation, which promotes remineralization. Types of fluoride The amount of fluoride in toothpaste for adults is 1500ppmF (parts per million). Whereas for children it is <600ppmF. Children typically start using toothpaste at the age of 2. Fluoride gels are 80-100 times more mineralized and regulate the mouth pH. Indications: Early child’s caries Local demineralisation of enamel pregnant women Root caries prophylaxis Hypersensitivity after tooth whitening Fluoride varnishes: A highly concentrated form of fluoride used in dental treatments and is applied directly on teeth to stop, prevent, or slow down decay. The varnish stays on the enamel spot for a few hours and in molar fissures for a few days after painting them directly on the teeth. It is suitable for children from 6-14 years old. Fluoride foam: It is dispensed into a custom tray and then placed over the teeth. Fluoride toxicity Fluoride can prove to be toxic if ingested in excessive quantities. The optimum intake of fluoride is 0.05-0.07mg/kg of body mass. High fluoride intoxication of around 5 mg/kg body weight of fluoride can lead to toxic symptoms or even death. Such situations may require immediate hospitalization. Doses between 7 and 16 mg/kg are known to be lethal. Deaths in infants have been reported for fluoride intoxication of up to 250 mg. Typically, it is challenging to reach dangerous fluoride levels due to the low levels of fluoride in over-the-counter products. Symptoms of fluoride toxicity: Abdominal pain Headache Weakness Diarrhoea Nausea Tremors Shallow breathing These are some tips that can help supervise a child’s use of fluoride: Avoid flavoured toothpaste as children are more likely to swallow flavoured toothpaste. Use only a pea-sized amount of fluoridated toothpaste on the child’s toothbrush. Be cautious about using fluoridated toothpaste in children under age 6 as they are more likely to swallow toothpaste instead of spitting it out. Dental Fluorosis: Dental Fluorosis is a dental condition that arises from excessive fluoride exposure during tooth development, leading to distinctive visual and structural changes in tooth enamel. Causes: This condition primarily occurs in children under the age of 7 who consume excessive fluoride, often through supplements or residing in areas with fluoridated water. Swallowing toothpaste containing fluoride can also contribute to its development. Symptoms: Dental Fluorosis presents with varying degrees of severity. Common symptoms include yellow, white, or brown spots on tooth enamel, ranging from mild discolouration to more pronounced changes. In more severe cases, there can be destructive damage, including enamel loss, erosion, and the formation of pits and grooves. Types: Dental Fluorosis is categorised into two main forms: Spotted Form: Characterized by the appearance of discoloured spots on tooth surfaces, ranging from faint white marks to darker yellow or brown stains. Destructive Form: Involves more severe enamel damage, with erosion, loss of enamel, and the development of depressions or grooves on the tooth surface. Clinical Features: All teeth may be affected, and the extent of damage can vary. Dental fluorosis can compromise the overall integrity of tooth surfaces, making them more susceptible to cosmetic concerns and potential functional issues. Treatment: While there is no specific cure for dental fluorosis, management focuses on improving aesthetics and function: Prophylaxis: Regular dental cleanings and preventive measures can help control the progression of fluorosis. Diet and Nutrition: Consuming a balanced diet rich in calcium, phosphate, and vitamins can aid in promoting healthy enamel. Whitening: For milder cases with noticeable spots, teeth whitening treatments can help diminish the appearance of stains. Aesthetic Interventions: In cases of more destructive forms, cosmetic procedures such as veneers or composite fillings can restore tooth appearance and function. Take Away: In conclusion, fluoride
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Dentistry
Reading Time: 5 minutesUnplugging in the Digital Age: Navigating the Benefits and Challenges of a Digital Detox Advancements in the field of technology carry both benefits and risks for mankind. In the last two decades, there has been an explosion in the utilization of digital technology. Digital technology undoubtedly has made everything easier. Electronic devices, the internet, and various media platforms have facilitated social connectedness during the tough times of the COVID-19 pandemic. Maintaining social connections is essential for emotional and mental well-being. Screen time refers to the duration individuals spend using a screen. This encompasses all activities, whether for entertainment purposes (such as gaming or using social media) or for work-related tasks. The pandemic’s restrictions on social engagement caused an increase in the prevalence of using digital gadgets for socializing. Digital technology proved to be a blessing in disguise in this situation as it enabled individuals to preserve their emotional connections despite the physical distancing. Simultaneously, concerns have arisen about the potential impacts of prolonged screen time on both physical and mental well-being. Need for a digital detox: Studies indicate that around 25% of individuals aged 18 to 44 cannot recall a time when their phone wasn’t in proximity. The uncontrolled use of electronic devices or excessive screen time has been associated with a range of mental health concerns, including a heightened susceptibility to anxiety and depression, psychological disorders, and decreased emotional stability. Effects of unregulated screen time: Weight gain Vision problems Loneliness Headaches Anxiety Insomnia Pain in the back Mood swings and irritability Unhealthy eating habits Lack of movement and exercise Lack of time management What is digital Detox? Digital detox involves consciously taking a break from using digital devices and technology, like smartphones, computers, tablets, and social media platforms. It includes disconnecting from digital screens and online activities for a specific duration, usually to reduce stress, enhance mental well-being, improve focus and productivity, and establish a healthier relationship with technology. During a digital detox, individuals can participate in activities not involving screens, such as spending time outdoors, reading books, practising mindfulness, or engaging in face-to-face interactions with others. The aim is to reset and refresh both mentally and physically by temporarily stepping away from the constant digital stimulation and connectivity characteristic of modern life. Benefits of a digital detox: Improved sleep cycle: Refraining from screen usage after 7 p.m. can positively impact melatonin production and foster improved sleep quality. Reduced stress levels: Overcoming the compulsion to instantly respond to messages is crucial. Embracing a digital detox allows for relaxation and mental reset. Better physical and mental health: Extended screen use can lead to eye strain, poor posture, and headaches. Abstaining from screen time provides both the body and mind with a much-needed respite. Increased productivity: A state of mental and emotional well-being enhances focus and creativity. Wasting time on unnecessary scrolling and internet browsing is counterproductive; a digital detox directs attention towards essential tasks. Improved self-esteem: Limiting social media and screen exposure shifts the focus from comparison with others to self-improvement. This shift can contribute to an increased sense of self-worth. What are the Challenges of Digital Detox? Dependency: People may find it difficult to detach from their devices due to the habitual nature of their usage. FOMO (Fear of Missing Out): The fear of missing out on important information or social interactions online can be a psychological barrier. Work Obligations: Many jobs require constant digital connectivity, making it challenging to completely disconnect. Social Pressure: Peer pressure and societal norms can make individuals feel obligated to stay connected digitally. Boredom: People might grapple with feelings of boredom or uncertainty about how to spend their time without digital distractions. Withdrawal Symptoms: Similar to other addictions, individuals might experience withdrawal symptoms when attempting a digital detox. Lack of Awareness: Some may not recognize the need for a detox or be unaware of the potential negative impacts of excessive screen time. Loneliness: Digital detox can result in a sense of isolation, particularly for those whose primary mode of social interaction is online. Personal and Professional Commitments: Detoxing might clash with personal or professional responsibilities that require digital engagement. Temporary Relief: The benefits of digital detox might be short-lived if individuals return to their previous habits after the detox period. Overcoming these challenges requires awareness, planning, and a gradual shift towards healthier digital habits. What are the Challenges of Digital Detox? Dependency: People may find it difficult to detach from their devices due to the habitual nature of their usage. FOMO (Fear of Missing Out): The fear of missing out on important information or social interactions online can be a psychological barrier.Work Obligations: Many jobs require constant digital connectivity, making it challenging to completely disconnect.Social Pressure: Peer pressure and societal norms can make individuals feel obligated to stay connected digitally.Boredom: People might grapple with feelings of boredom or uncertainty about how to spend their time without digital distractions.Withdrawal Symptoms: Similar to other addictions, individuals might experience withdrawal symptoms when attempting a digital detox.Lack of Awareness: Some may not recognize the need for a detox or be unaware of the potential negative impacts of excessive screen time.Loneliness: Digital detox can result in a sense of isolation, particularly for those whose primary mode of social interaction is online.Personal and Professional Commitments: Detoxing might clash with personal or professional responsibilities that require digital engagement.Temporary Relief: The benefits of digital detox might be short-lived if individuals return to their previous habits after the detox period. Overcoming these challenges requires awareness, planning, and a gradual shift towards healthier digital habits. Takeaway Recognizing the necessity for a digital detox holds significance. Prolonged and excessive use of digital devices can lead to detrimental long-term consequences. Mitigating these adverse effects necessitates empowering individuals to make informed choices grounded in factual knowledge and an understanding of potential health risks. One viable approach to preemptively safeguard health amidst the ongoing global digitalization is fostering the cultivation and implementation of healthy digital habits. Author: Sanika Pande
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Editorial, People Forum
Reading Time: 10 minutesRead to know how Positive thinking can help us cope with our day to day challenges while maintaining good health and well-being
Impact of Positive Thinking on Our Lives Read More »
Mental Health | Psychology, People Forum