What Are Sea Grapes? A Guide to Their Health Benefits
Introduction
Sea grapes can be mainly associated with two different entities Caulerpa lentillifera a green alga well-known in Asian cuisines and Coccoloba uvifera a fruit-bearing plant from tropical regions. While both are highly popular for their unique characteristics they may differ in structure, origin and uses. Caulerpa lentillifera is predominantly used for a salty flavour in several seafood preparations whereas Coccoloba uvifera is used in desserts.
The literature on sea grapes and their potential health benefits is scarce; however, some sources mention their remarkable nutritional composition and extraordinary health benefits. Over the past few decades, seaweed and sea grapes have gained popularity and have been recognised as ‘superfoods.’
Because of their grape-like appearance, they are known as sea grapes or sea caviars. They mostly inhabit the sandy and mushy bottoms of the oceans. In some countries, such as Japan, Taiwan, China, etc., they are consumed as sushi, salads, or as snacks.
Health benefits of sea grapes (C. lentillifera)
Sea grapes or C. lentillifera have been found to have several therapeutic functionalities that can potentially be used for various medical treatments.
1. Antimicrobial activity
- Bacterial Inhibition: The seaweed has strong antibacterial qualities against several pathogens, including Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus sp., and Escherichia coli. Hence it may be used to prevent infections
- Active Compounds: Sea grapes contain caulerpin, a compound known for its potent antibacterial properties that may prove helpful in the creation of novel antimicrobial drugs.
2. Cardioprotective effects
- Sea grapes have anti-hypertensive properties, which have been demonstrated to help lower blood pressure, which is essential for preventing cardiovascular diseases.
- They also have anti-hyperlipidemic effects, which can lower levels of triglycerides and harmful cholesterol (LDL), improving heart health and lowering the risk of atherosclerosis.
3. Antidiabetic effects
- Sea grapes exhibit anti-diabetic benefits, mainly by blocking the enzyme α-glucosidase, which delays the absorption of glucose and the digestion of carbohydrates.
- Furthermore, bioactive components in them increase the uptake of glucose by stimulating the pancreatic β-cells to secrete insulin. Their potential as a functional food for managing diabetes is highlighted by studies.
4. Anticancer properties
- Sea grapes have the ability to inhibit cancer cell proliferation.
- The extracts from sea grapes have demonstrated the inhibition of several cancer cell lines which showcases their potential as natural adjunct therapy
- The extracts have shown cytotoxic effects and the capability to supress the growth of tumor
5. Overall Health
- Sea grapes being rich in antioxidants neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress which significantly lowers the risk of chronic diseases including heart diseases
- Sea grapes enhance immune function and improve the ability of the body to fight against infections
- By binding to heavy metals and facilitating their removal from the body, sea grapes can function as chelating agents. This characteristic is especially crucial for the detoxification of toxic chemicals.
6. Nutrient Content and Consumption of Sea Grapes
- Sea grapes are rich in essential vitamins and minerals including vitamin C, calcium, iron, and potassium.
- Some other nutrients involve zinc, iodine, vitamins A, K, E, etc.
- Sea grapes are typically consumed fresh with salads or may be incorporated into certain dishes, particularly in Asian cuisine.
- The dehydrated and fresh forms are available in seafood markets and speciality stores.
- Consumption of sea grapes on a regular basis is linked to several health benefits such as improved digestion, skin hydration and potentially in managing blood sugar levels.
Conclusion
Sea grapes provide a diverse range of health benefits and have a remarkable nutritional profile, hence getting recognition as a functional food in several cuisines all over the world.
Sea grapes are available across particular markets and can be purchased easily. However, with promising health benefits more research in this area is required to fully understand their applications. Responsible consumption supported with guidance from health experts can significantly maximize the benefits.
Sanika Pande
Reviewed by Dr Aarti Nehra (MBBS, MMST)
