Global Prostate Cancer Trends: Doubling Cases by 2040, Urgent Need for Early Screening

Expected Increase in Prostate Cancer Cases Globally

According to a recent Lancet study, the global incidence of new instances of prostate cancer is expected to more than double over the next two decades.

According to the report, the increase from 1.4 million cases in 2020 to 2.9 million cases by 2040 is mostly due to demographic shifts, notably in less wealthy nations catching up with wealthier countries’ aging patterns.

Prostate cancer, the most frequent disease in males, presently accounts for around 15% of all cancer cases. It usually appears after the age of 50 and grows more common as people become older.

Prevalence and Age

Prostate cancer, the most frequent disease in males, presently accounts for around 15% of all cancer cases. It usually appears after the age of 50 and grows more common as people become older.

Reasons for Increase

The rise in prostate cancer cases is directly correlated with the global increase in life expectancy and shifts in population age demographics. As people live longer and populations age, the incidence of prostate cancer is expected to grow accordingly.

Factors Contributing to Incidence

Unlike other diseases such as lung cancer or heart disease, the researchers argue that public health measures have little impact on prostate cancer incidence due to their significant relationship with age and inherited variables. While weight has been associated with prostate cancer, it is uncertain if it is a direct cause.

Importance of early Screening

The researchers emphasize the need for early screening initiatives in underdeveloped nations, where diagnoses are sometimes made too late for effective therapy. Early identification might dramatically improve the results for those with prostate cancer.

What is Prostate Cancer?

Prostate cancer is the cancer of the prostate gland that lies in front of the rectum and below the bladder. It is a walnut-shaped gland secreting a fluid that forms a component of the semen. The disease is characterized by the formation of malignant cells in prostate tissues. [1] [2]

Symptoms of Prostate Cancer

Frequent urination mainly during nights
Straining during urination
Blood in urine or semen
Erectile dysfunction
Painful urination
Painful ejaculation
Discomfort in sitting due to an enlarged prostate
Weak urine flow [3]

Treatment Options

Treatment options for prostate cancer primarily depend on the staging and grading of the disease. The age of the patient and overall health are also taken into consideration by the professionals. A few treatment options include:

Surgery
Radiation therapy
Chemotherapy
Biological therapy
Cryotherapy
Hormone therapy
Bisphosphonate therapy
Immunotherapy
Targeted therapy [2] [3]

Prevention

Being cautious of the few things can help prevent prostate cancer:

Dietary Choices: It is important to have a balanced diet that includes whole grains, vegetables, fresh fruits, and the required amount of protein. Intake of fats should be reduced specifically red meat.
Lifestyle choices: Maintaining a healthy weight, indulging in sports, and following an exercise routine can help reduce the risk of cancer
Avoid factors of risk: Risk factors such as smoking should be avoided at all costs to prevent cancers.
Regular health checkups: It is highly crucial to get routine checkups and screening as advised by professionals as early detection helps in efficient disease management. [4]

Screening and prevention of prostate cancer are the cornerstones of men's health advocacy, empowering individuals to take proactive steps in safeguarding their well-being and longevity.

Dr Dipayan Nandy, Oncosurgeon, Baroda, Gujarat

Source: Inputs from various media Sources